A pendulum consists of a massless stiff rod of length L hanging from a nearly frictionless axle, with a mass m at the end of the rod. Calcul

Question

A pendulum consists of a massless stiff rod of length L hanging from a nearly frictionless axle, with a mass m at the end of the rod. Calculate the gravitational potential energy as a function of the angle, θ, measured from the vertical. Set U = 0 at the location of the mass when the pendulum is hanging straight down.

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Ngọc Hoa 6 months 2021-07-29T02:19:55+00:00 1 Answers 22 views 0

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  1. sori
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    2021-07-29T02:21:29+00:00
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    Answer:

    mgL(1 – cosθ)

    Explanation:

    At angle θ, the vertical distance from the mass m to the pivotal axle is Lcosθ. While at U=0, this distance is L. Due to the mass is hanging straight down. Therefore the vertical distance from this lowest point to point at angle θ is

    L – Lcosθ

    The change in potential energy would be this height difference times mg

    U_{\theta} = mg\Delta h = mg(L - Lcos\theta) = mgL(1 - cos\theta)

    where g is the gravitational constant

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