A charged particle isinjected into a uniform magnetic field such that its velocityvector is perpendicular to themagnetic field vector. Ignoring the particle’s weight, the particlewill
A) follow a spiralpath.
B) move in a straight line.
C) move along a parabolic path.
D)follow a circular path.
A charged particle is injected into a uniform magnetic field such that its velocity vector is perpendicular to the magnetic field vector. Ignoring the particle’s weight, the particle will follow a circular path.
Option D
Explanation:
Magnetic force causes charged particles to move in spiral paths. The Particle accelerators keep the protons to follow circular paths when it is in the magnetic field. Velocity has a change in direction but magnitude remains the same when this condition exists.
The magnetic force exerted on the charged particle is given by the formula:
where
q is the charge
v is the velocity of the particle
B is the magnetic field
In this problem, the velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field vector, hence
So applying the formula,
the force is simply
Also, the force is perpendicular to both B and v and so according to the right-hand rule, we have:
This means that the force acts as a centripetal force, so it will keep the charged particle in a uniform circular motion.